High-temperature Service
Astm a213 t91 alloy steel boiler tubes offer high strength and oxidation resistance for high-temperature steam service in power boilers and superheaters.
High-temperature Service
Astm a213 t91 alloy steel boiler tubes offer high strength and oxidation resistance for high-temperature steam service in power boilers and superheaters.
ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Boiler Tubes are seamless ferritic alloy steel tubes engineered for use in high-temperature steam-generating equipment. These tubes are essential in superheaters, reheaters, and heat exchangers, especially in ultra-supercritical boilers in thermal and nuclear power plants.
Designed to withstand temperatures up to 620°C, T91 tubes are manufactured with a high chromium (Cr 8.0–9.5%) and molybdenum (Mo 0.85–1.05%) alloy composition. Their micro-alloying with vanadium, niobium, and nitrogen enhances creep strength and oxidation resistance, ensuring structural integrity under prolonged thermal stress.
The production process includes hot-finishing or cold-drawing, followed by normalizing at 1040–1080°C and tempering at 730–800°C, as required by the ASTM A213 specification. These heat treatments optimize grain refinement and improve resistance to thermal fatigue and corrosion cracking.
ASTM A213 T91 seamless tubes undergo rigorous mechanical and non-destructive testing such as tensile, hardness, flattening, hydrostatic, and ultrasonic inspection. This ensures their compliance with ASME boiler codes and suitability for critical high-pressure applications.
Available in a wide range of sizes (OD 1/2” to 5”), wall thicknesses (SCH 40 to SCH 160), and lengths up to 12 meters, T91 boiler tubes can be supplied in beveled or plain ends. They can be coated with black paint, FBE, or 3LPE for extended corrosion resistance during storage and installation.
Compared to conventional carbon steel tubes, T91 alloy tubes offer over 2x the lifespan and higher energy efficiency by enabling higher operating temperatures and pressures. Their enhanced reliability significantly reduces downtime and maintenance costs in thermal power generation systems.
T91 has higher chromium (8.0–9.5% vs. 1.0–1.5%), higher molybdenum (0.85–1.05% vs. 0.44–0.65%), and includes vanadium and niobium for superior creep strength. T91 supports higher temperatures (up to 650°C vs. 560°C) and has higher strength (585/415 MPa vs. 415/205 MPa).
T91 has higher chromium (8.0–9.5% vs. 0.8–1.25%), higher molybdenum (0.85–1.05% vs. 0.44–0.65%), and includes vanadium and niobium, offering better corrosion and creep resistance. T91 is suited for ultra-supercritical boilers (up to 650°C vs. 550°C) with higher strength (585/415 MPa vs. 415/220 MPa).
T91 has higher chromium (8.0–9.5% vs. 1.9–2.6%) and similar molybdenum (0.85–1.05% vs. 0.87–1.13%) but includes vanadium and niobium for enhanced creep resistance. T91 supports higher temperatures (650°C vs. 593°C) and has higher strength (585/415 MPa vs. 415/205 MPa).
T91 has similar chromium (8.0–9.5% vs. 8.0–10.0%) and molybdenum (0.85–1.05% vs. 0.9–1.1%) but includes vanadium and niobium for superior creep resistance. T91 has higher strength (585/415 MPa vs. 415/205 MPa) and is suited for ultra-supercritical boilers (up to 650°C vs. 620°C).
T92 is an enhanced version of T91, with added tungsten (1.5–2.0%) and boron (0.001–0.006%) for improved creep strength, but similar chromium (8.5–9.5% vs. 8.0–9.5%) and slightly higher strength (620/440 MPa vs. 585/415 MPa). Both are used in ultra-supercritical boilers (up to 650°C).
T91 has higher chromium (8.0–9.5% vs. 2.2–2.6%) but similar vanadium and niobium, while T24 includes titanium and boron. T91 is suited for ultra-supercritical boilers (up to 650°C vs. 600°C) with similar strength (585/415 MPa).
T91 (ASTM A213) is a seamless tube for heat transfer components (thinner walls, OD 1/8” to 5”), while P91 (ASTM A335) is a pipe for structural and pressure piping (OD 1/8” to 48”). Both share the same 9Cr–1Mo–V–Nb chemistry but are used in different applications.
The ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Seamless Boiler Tube addresses critical challenges like corrosion, creep, and thermal stress in high-throughput boiler systems. Its advanced chrome-moly alloy composition and seamless construction make it a premium choice for engineers seeking durable boiler tubes for supercritical and ultra-supercritical environments.
Dimensions and performance data for ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Boiler Tubes
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.08-0.12 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.30-0.60 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.020 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.010 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.20-0.50 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 8.00-9.50 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.85-1.05 |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.18-0.25 |
| Nitrogen (N) | 0.03-0.07 |
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile Strength, min (MPa) | 585 |
| Yield Strength, min (MPa) | 415 |
| Elongation, min (%) | 20 (Longitudinal) |
| Hardness, max (HB) | 217 |
| Parameter | Range | Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Inside Diameter | 1/8" to 5" | 3.2 mm to 127 mm |
| Wall Thickness | 0.015" to 0.500" | 0.4 mm to 12.7 mm |
| Length | 5–7 m / 9–13 m | SRL / DRL |
| Schedule | 40 to 160 | STD, XS, XXS |
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Max Service Temperature | 650 | °C |
| Tensile Strength | 415–690 | MPa |
| Yield Strength | 205–520 | MPa |
| Elongation | 20–30 | % |
Key advantages that make ASTM A213 alloy tubes a preferred choice in high-temperature and corrosive environments.
Maintains structural integrity under extreme heat, ideal for boilers, heat exchangers, and superheaters.
Chromium and molybdenum ensure excellent resistance to oxidation and chemical attack in aggressive media.
Offers high tensile and yield strength, ensuring safe performance under high pressure and temperature.
Durable construction and corrosion resistance extend operational life and minimize maintenance downtime.
Precision manufacturing ensures uniform wall thickness and surface finish, optimizing heat transfer and fit.
Widely used in power generation, petrochemical, and thermal processing industries due to its performance and reliability.
ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Boiler Tubes are widely used in various industries due to their excellent high-temperature and high-pressure performance.
Utilized in boilers, superheaters, and reheaters within steam power plants due to their high-temperature resistance and durability.
Employed in refineries and chemical plants for transporting high-temperature fluids and gases, ensuring safety and efficiency.
Ideal for use in heat exchangers where thermal stability and corrosion resistance are critical under fluctuating temperatures.
Commonly used in high-pressure boilers and superheaters, offering excellent performance under extreme thermal conditions.
Applied in the extraction and processing of oil and gas, handling high-pressure and high-temperature fluids effectively.
Suitable for equipment in chemical industries where resistance to corrosive substances and high temperatures is essential.
Sa213 t91 boiler tubes are seamless alloy steel tu...
Astm a213 t91 seamless alloy tubes offer superior ...
