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ASTM A213 T91 Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Boiler Tubes

ASTM A213 T91 Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Boiler Tubes

High-temperature Seamless Alloy Tubing With Superior Strength And Corrosion Resistance

Astm a213 t91 seamless alloy steel tubes are ideal for high-pressure boilers and superheaters, offering exceptional strength, heat resistance, and long service life.

ASTM A213 T91 Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Boiler Tubes

High-temperature Seamless Alloy Tubing With Superior Strength And Corrosion Resistance

Astm a213 t91 seamless alloy steel tubes are ideal for high-pressure boilers and superheaters, offering exceptional strength, heat resistance, and long service life.

ASTM A213 T91 Seamless Boiler Tubes are premium ferritic alloy steel pipes engineered for high-pressure and high-temperature environments such as boilers, superheaters, and heat exchangers. These tubes are recognized for their excellent creep resistance, thermal fatigue strength, and oxidation resistance.

Compliant with ASTM A213 and ASME SA213 standards, T91 tubes are normalized and tempered to improve structural performance under long-term thermal stress. The alloy composition includes Chromium (8.0–9.5%), Molybdenum (0.85–1.05%), Vanadium, and Niobium, contributing to superior mechanical strength and oxidation resistance.

These seamless ferritic alloy steel tubes are used extensively in thermal power generation and petrochemical industries, especially where operating temperatures exceed 600°C. T91 tubes exhibit excellent weldability, low thermal expansion, and resistance to hydrogen attack, making them ideal for modern ultra-supercritical (USC) boiler designs.

Available sizes range from 1/2” to 5” (DN15–DN125), with thickness options per customer specification. The tubes are delivered in either hot-finished or cold-drawn condition, with beveled or plain ends. Rigorous quality control ensures conformity through hydrostatic testing, hardness tests, and ultrasonic inspections.

ASTM A213 T91 Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Boiler Tubes Technical Specifications

Dimensions and performance data for ASTM A213 T91 Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Boiler Tubes

Chemical Composition of ASTM A213 T91 Tubes
Element Composition (%)
Carbon (C) 0.08-0.12
Manganese (Mn) 0.30-0.60
Phosphorus (P) ≤0.020
Sulfur (S) ≤0.010
Silicon (Si) 0.20-0.50
Chromium (Cr) 8.00-9.50
Molybdenum (Mo) 0.85-1.05
Vanadium (V) 0.18-0.25
Nitrogen (N) 0.03-0.07
Mechanical Properties of ASTM A213 T91 Tubes
Property Value
Tensile Strength, min (MPa) 585
Yield Strength, min (MPa) 415
Elongation, min (%) 20 (Longitudinal)
Hardness, max (HB) 217
Size Range & Dimensions for ASTM A213 Tubes
Parameter Range Standard
Inside Diameter 1/8" to 5" 3.2 mm to 127 mm
Wall Thickness 0.015" to 0.500" 0.4 mm to 12.7 mm
Length 5–7 m / 9–13 m SRL / DRL
Schedule 40 to 160 STD, XS, XXS
Performance Parameters
Property Value Unit
Max Service Temperature 650 °C
Tensile Strength 415–690 MPa
Yield Strength 205–520 MPa
Elongation 20–30 %

Benefits of ASTM A213 Alloy Tubes

Key advantages that make ASTM A213 alloy tubes a preferred choice in high-temperature and corrosive environments.

High Temperature Resistance

Maintains structural integrity under extreme heat, ideal for boilers, heat exchangers, and superheaters.

Superior Corrosion Resistance

Chromium and molybdenum ensure excellent resistance to oxidation and chemical attack in aggressive media.

Enhanced Mechanical Strength

Offers high tensile and yield strength, ensuring safe performance under high pressure and temperature.

Extended Service Life

Durable construction and corrosion resistance extend operational life and minimize maintenance downtime.

Excellent Dimensional Accuracy

Precision manufacturing ensures uniform wall thickness and surface finish, optimizing heat transfer and fit.

Versatility Across Applications

Widely used in power generation, petrochemical, and thermal processing industries due to its performance and reliability.

FAQ

ASTM A213 specifies seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy steel boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger tubes designed for high-temperature service.

It covers alloy steel tubes such as grades P1, P2, P5, P9, P11, P22, P91, and stainless steel grades like TP304, TP316, TP321, etc.

Used primarily in boilers, superheaters, heat exchangers, power plants, petrochemical industries, refineries, and pressure vessels operating at elevated temperatures.

Typically seamless manufacturing by hot extrusion or hot rolling, followed by heat treatment to ensure proper mechanical properties.

They are suitable for continuous operation in temperatures typically ranging from ambient up to 700°C or higher, depending on the alloy grade.

The tubes must pass strict chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensional tolerances, and non-destructive testing (NDT) as per the ASTM A213 standard.

Yes, these tubes are designed to withstand high pressures found in boilers and heat exchangers.

Tests include tensile testing, hardness testing, flattening, flaring, and sometimes hydrostatic or nondestructive testing such as ultrasonic or eddy current.

ASTM A213 tubes come in various outer diameters, wall thicknesses, and lengths to fit different industrial requirements.

Yes, but welding procedures must comply with recommended guidelines for each alloy grade to avoid cracking or property degradation.

They offer superior high-temperature strength, corrosion resistance, and proven reliability in demanding industrial applications.

Through alloying elements such as chromium, molybdenum, and nickel, which form protective oxide layers against oxidation and chemical attack.

Yes, stainless steel variants such as TP304, TP316 are included in ASTM A213 for corrosion-resistant applications.

Usually supplied in a fully heat-treated condition to meet mechanical property requirements.

Yes, manufacturers can provide custom dimensions, heat treatments, or surface finishes to meet specific client needs.

ASTM A213 mainly covers tubes for boilers and heat exchangers, often seamless and heat-treated; ASTM A335 focuses more on seamless ferritic alloy steel pipes for high-temperature service, especially in power plants.

Stored in dry, covered areas to prevent corrosion and physical damage before installation.

Standards like ASTM A269, ASTM A192, and ASTM A210 are related and sometimes cross-referenced depending on the application.

Applications of ASTM A213 T91 Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Boiler Tubes

ASTM A213 T91 Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Boiler Tubes are widely used in various industries due to their excellent high-temperature and high-pressure performance.

Power Generation Plants

Utilized in boilers, superheaters, and reheaters within steam power plants due to their high-temperature resistance and durability.

Petrochemical Facilities

Employed in refineries and chemical plants for transporting high-temperature fluids and gases, ensuring safety and efficiency.

Heat Exchangers

Ideal for use in heat exchangers where thermal stability and corrosion resistance are critical under fluctuating temperatures.

Boilers and Superheaters

Commonly used in high-pressure boilers and superheaters, offering excellent performance under extreme thermal conditions.

Oil and Gas Industry

Applied in the extraction and processing of oil and gas, handling high-pressure and high-temperature fluids effectively.

Chemical Processing Equipment

Suitable for equipment in chemical industries where resistance to corrosive substances and high temperatures is essential.

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