Engineered For Resilience In Freezing Environments, Ideal For Cryogenic And Sub-zero Pipeline Systems.
Discover how low temperature carbon steel pipes (astm a333) deliver superior impact resistance, ductility, and reliability for cryogenic and subzero industrial systems.
Low-Temperature Carbon Steel Pipe is specially designed to perform in cryogenic and subzero conditions, offering outstanding impact toughness, ductility, and corrosion resistance. Conforming to ASTM A333 standards, this seamless carbon steel pipe is ideal for applications in LNG facilities, chemical plants, and power generation systems where temperatures drop below -50°C.
Maintains structural integrity and mechanical strength even at extreme cold temperatures down to -45°C (-50°F).
These ASTM A333 LTCS Seamless Pipes are produced through controlled rolling and heat treatment processes to ensure mechanical integrity at low temperatures. Available in multiple grades, such as Grade 1 and Grade 6, these pipes deliver reliable performance in structural, fluid, and gas transmission lines operating in subzero climates. The carbon-manganese alloy composition ensures high strength and resilience under thermal cycling and pressure variations.
LTCS Pipes are known for their weldability and ease of fabrication, making them suitable for complex boiler systems, heat exchangers, and refrigeration units. Pipes undergo strict quality checks, including Charpy V-Notch impact testing at -45°C, hydrostatic testing, and ultrasonic inspections to ensure compliance with industrial safety and durability standards.
Whether you're building a pipeline for arctic exploration or retrofitting industrial equipment in cold regions, Low Temperature Carbon Steel Pipes provide the mechanical robustness and thermal stability needed for long-term operation. Available in sizes from 1/2” to 48” and various wall thicknesses (SCH 40 to SCH 160), they can be custom-manufactured with plain, beveled, or threaded ends.
Combined with surface treatments such as galvanized coating, 3LPE, or epoxy painting, these pipes enhance longevity and corrosion resistance in harsh environments. Their high strength-to-weight ratio also minimizes structural load while maintaining safety under cryogenic conditions.
| Steel Grade Category | GB (China) | ASME（USA） | DIN/EN (Euro) | JIS (Japan) | Application |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon steel | 10 | A106 | St35.8 | STB340 | Economizer tube, Water wall tube, pipeline, header pipe, Petrochemical furnace tube, heat exchange tube |
| 20 | SA-106B | St45.8 | STB410 | ||
| 20G | SA-106C | P235GH | STB510 | ||
| 20MnG | SA-192 | P265GH | - | ||
| 25MnG | SA-210A1 | - | - | ||
| Q345B/C/D/E | SA-210C | - | - | ||
| Mo steel | 15MoG | SA-209 T1 | 16Mo3 | 15Mo3 | Water wall tube Superheater tube Reheater tube |
| 20MoG | SA-209 T1a | - | 16Mo3 | ||
| - | SA-209 T1b | - | - | ||
| Cr-Mo Steel | 12Cr1MoG | - | 12Cr1MoV | - | Superheater tube Reheater tube, Pipeline, Header pipe, Petrochemical furnace tube, Heat exchange tube |
| Cr-Mo-V steel | 12Cr2MoWVTiB | - | 14MoV63 | - | |
| Cr-Mo-Steel | 12CrMoG | T11/P11 | 10CrMo5-5 | STB20 | |
| Cr-Mo-W Steel | 15CrMoG | T12/P12 | 12CrMo4-5 | STB22 | |
| Cr-Mo Steel | 12Cr2MoG | T22/P22 | 10CrMo9-10 | STB23 | Superheater tube, Reheater tube, Main steam pipe, Pipleline, Header pip, Petrochemical furnace tube, Heat exchange tube |
| Cr-Mo-W steel | 10Cr9Mo1VNbN | T23/P23 | 7CrWVMoNb9-6 | STB24 | |
| 10Cr9MoW2VNbBN | T24/P24 | 7CrMoVTIB10-10 | STB25 | ||
| 12Cr1Mo | T5/P5 | X10CrMoVNb9-1 | STB26 | ||
| 12Cr5Mol/NT | T9/P9 | X10CrWMoVNb9-2 | - | ||
| 12Cr9Mol/NT | T91/P91 | X11CrMo5+l/NT | - | ||
| - | T92/P92 | X11CrMo9-1+l/NT | - | ||
| Carbon steel | 16MnDG | A333-1 | - | STPL380 | Tube & pipe for Low-temperature service |
| Ni steel | 10MnDG | SA-333-1 | - | STPL450 | |
| 09DG | A333-6 | - | - | ||
| - | SA-333-6 | - | - | ||
| - | A333-3 | - | - | ||
| - | SA-333-3 | - | - | ||
| Austentic Stainless steel | --- | AP304 TP304H | - | --- | Superheater tube, Reheater tube |
| - | TP321 TP321H | - | - | ||
| - | TP347 TP347H | - | - | ||
| - | TP316 TP316H | - | - | ||
| - | S30432 TP310HCbN | - | - |
Outer Diameter (O.D.): 1/4” Nominal to 24”
Wall Thickness: Schedule 10 through XXH (Extra Extra Heavy)
Standards: ASTM A333 / ASME SA333
Grades Available: Grade 1, Grade 3, Grade 6
Welded Alternative: ASTM A671 EFW (for sizes over 24" O.D.)
Standard: ASTM A350 / ASME SA350
Grades: LF2, LF3 (Low Temperature Service)
Standard: ASTM A420 / ASME SA420
Grades: WPL6, WPL3
Alloying elements significantly influence the performance of cryogenic steels, used from -10°C to -273°C, including aluminum-killed C-Mn steels (e.g., 06MnVTi), low-alloy ferritic steels (e.g., 0.5Ni), martensitic steels (e.g., 9Ni), and austenitic steels (e.g., 1Cr18Ni9Ti).
Enhances low-temperature toughness by forming a solid solution, expanding the austenite region, lowering transformation temperatures (A1 and A3), and refining ferrite and pearlite grains. An Mn/C ratio of 3 optimizes toughness and compensates for reduced mechanical properties due to lower carbon.
Reduces brittle transition temperature by 10°C per 1% increase (five times more effective than Mn), refines microstructure, and boosts toughness. Enables 9Ni steel for -196°C and 5Ni for -162°C to -196°C due to increased movable dislocations.
Increases brittle transition temperature and reduces weldability, limiting its content to below 0.2% in cryogenic steels.
Harmful to toughness, these elements segregate at grain boundaries, lowering resistance and causing brittle cracks. Phosphorus boosts strength but increases brittleness, requiring strict limits.
Raise brittle transition temperature. Aluminum-killed steels offer better toughness than silicon-killed steels, as silicon increases the transition temperature.
Alloying elements like Mn and Ni enhance toughness, while C, P, S, Sn, Pb, Sb, O, H, and N can degrade it by increasing brittle transition temperatures or promoting brittleness. Optimal composition is key for cryogenic performance.
ASTM A333
Low temperature pipe refers to pipes specifically designed to withstand and operate effectively in environments with low temperatures, typically below 0°C (32°F).
These pipes are often used in industries such as oil and gas, petrochemicals, and refrigeration, where fluids need to be transported or stored at low temperatures. They are constructed from materials that can maintain their mechanical properties and structural integrity even in extremely cold conditions, ensuring the safe and efficient transportation of fluids. Additionally, low temperature pipes are insulated to prevent heat transfer and maintain the desired temperature of the fluid being transported.
Compared with austenitic stainless steel and duplex stainless steel, there are many comprehensive advantages of ferrite alloy steels for low temperature service, such as higher strength, better rigidity and lower expansion coefificient. There is not only better stability but aslo higher heat transfer efficiency. Tube & pipe for low-temperature service can be widely used in low temperature engineering. ASTM/ASME A/SA-333 Grades allow for cold temperature service to minus 150 degrees F. Material is always provided in the normalized condition at a minimum and Charpy Impact tested to a specific temperature range to assure compliance with the required service temperature.
Exceptional performance at temperatures down to -45°C with superior notch toughness and impact resistance.
Fine-grain structure with uniform carbide dispersion prevents brittle fracture in cryogenic conditions.
Economical alternative to exotic materials while providing reliable low-temperature performance.
Good weldability using conventional processes with minimal post-weld heat treatment requirements.
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Cu | Mo | V | Al |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | ≤0.30 | – | 0.40–1.06 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Grade 3 | ≤0.19 | 0.18–0.37 | 0.31–0.64 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | – | 3.18–3.82 | – | – | – | – |
| Grade 4 | ≤0.12 | 0.18–0.37 | 0.50–1.05 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | 0.44–1.01 | 0.47–0.98 | 0.40–0.75 | – | – | 0.04–0.30 |
| Grade 6 | ≤0.30 | ≥0.10 | 0.29–1.06 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Grade 7 | ≤0.19 | 0.13–0.32 | ≤0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | – | 2.03–2.57 | – | – | – | – |
| Grade 8 | ≤0.13 | 0.13–0.32 | ≤0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | – | 8.40–9.60 | – | – | – | – |
| Grade 9 | ≤0.20 | – | 0.40–1.06 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | – | 1.60–2.24 | 0.75–1.25 | – | – | – |
| Grade 10 | ≤0.20 | 0.10–0.35 | 1.15–1.50 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.06 |
| Grade 11 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.35 | ≤0.6 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.50 | 35.0–37.0 | – | ≤0.50 | – | – |
* For Grade 1 and 6, each reduction of 0.01% C below 0.30% allows an increase of 0.05% Mn above 1.06%, up to
1.35%.
* For Grade 6, the columbium limit may increase to 0.05% (heat analysis) and 0.06% (product analysis).
* Generally, carbon equivalent (C.E.) = [C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15] shall not exceed 0.43% by
heat analysis.
| Grade | Tensile Strength (MPa) |
Yield Point (MPa) |
Elongation Y (%) | Elongation X (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM A333 Grade 1 | ≥380 | ≥205 | ≥35 | ≥25 |
| ASTM A333 Grade 3 | ≥450 | ≥240 | ≥30 | ≥20 |
| ASTM A333 Grade 4 | ≥415 | ≥240 | ≥30 | ≥16.5 |
| ASTM A333 Grade 6 | ≥415 | ≥240 | ≥30 | ≥16.5 |
| ASTM A333 Grade 7 | ≥450 | ≥240 | ≥30 | ≥22 |
| ASTM A333 Gr. 8 | ≥690 | ≥515 | ≥22 | – |
| ASTM A333 Grade 9 | ≥435 | ≥315 | ≥28 | – |
| ASTM A333 Grade 10 | ≥550 | ≥450 | ≥22 | – |
| ASTM A333 Grade 11 | ≥450 | ≥240 | ≥18 | – |
* Elongation values are based on standard round 2-inch or 50 mm (or 4D) specimens.
* Elongation of Grade 11 applies to all wall thicknesses and small sizes tested in full section.
| No. | Order No. | O.D. (mm) | W.T. (mm) | Length (m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A333 Gr.6 / A333 Gr.6 + X42NS | 10–127 | 1–20 | 6–12.0 |
| 42–114.3 | 3.5–6 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 42–114.3 | 6–12 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 114.3–180 | 3.8–8 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 114.3–180 | 8–22 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 68–180 | 10–14 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 69–254 | 14–55 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 140–340 | 6–8 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 140–368 | 8–42 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 318–720 | 14–50 | 4–12.5 | ||
| 2 | A333 Gr.6 + X52QS | 42–114.3 | 3.5–12 | 6–12.2 |
| 114.3–180 | 3.8–22 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 68–254 | 10–40 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 140–368 | 6–40 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 318–720 | 14–40 | 4–12.5 | ||
| 140–368 | 6–25 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 318–720 | 14–25 | 4–12.5 | ||
| 3 | 16MnDG | 10–127 | 1–20 | 6–12.0 |
| 42–114.3 | 3.5–12 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 114.3–180 | 3.8–22 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 68–254 | 10–55 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 140–368 | 6–42 | 6–12.2 | ||
| 318–720 | 14–120 | 4–12.5 |
| Grade | Strike Test Temperature (℉) | Strike Test Temperature (℃) |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM A333 Grade 1 | -50 | -45 |
| ASTM A333 Grade 3 | -150 | -100 |
| ASTM A333 Grade 4 | -150 | -100 |
| ASTM A333 Grade 6 | -50 | -45 |
| ASTM A333 Grade 7 | -100 | -75 |
| ASTM A333 Grade 8 | -320 | -195 |
| ASTM A333 Grade 9 | -100 | -75 |
| ASTM A333 Grade 10 | -75 | -60 |
| Parameter | Range / Options |
|---|---|
| Size Range | 1/4" to 42" O.D. |
| Wall Thickness | SCH 10, SCH 20, SCH 40, SCH STD, SCH 80, SCH XS, SCH 160, SCH XXS |
| Length Options | Single Random, Double Random, 20 ft, 40 ft |
| End Types | Plain End, Beveled End |
| Manufacturing | Seamless, Welded (no filler metal) |
| Grade | Minimum Service Temperature | Impact Test Temperature | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | -50°F (-45°C) | -50°F | General low-temperature service |
| Grade 3 | -150°F (-101°C) | -150°F | Cryogenic applications with 3.5% Ni |
| Grade 6 | -50°F (-45°C) | -50°F | Most common grade for power generation |
| Grade 8 | -320°F (-196°C) | -320°F | Ultra-low temperature applications |
Precise control of chemical composition using electric arc furnaces with advanced ladle metallurgy techniques. Vacuum degassing reduces hydrogen content and eliminates inclusions.
Seamless pipes manufactured using hot piercing and rolling. Welded pipes produced using ERW or SAW processes with strict welding parameter controls.
Controlled heat treatment including normalizing at 815°C (1500°F), quench and temper, or stress relief to achieve optimal microstructure and properties.
Comprehensive testing including chemical analysis, mechanical testing, Charpy V-notch impact testing, hydrostatic testing, and non-destructive examination.
Low Temperature Pipe is widely used in industries requiring excellent high-temperature, high-pressure, and corrosion-resistant performance.
Used in boilers, superheaters, and steam lines in thermal and nuclear power plants.
Ideal for hydrocarbon processing, ethylene cracking, and heat exchanger units.
Used in LNG pipelines, storage tanks, and vaporization equipment for cold media.
Ensures excellent thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance in cyclic operations.
Handles high-pressure oil and gas in extraction, refining, and transportation systems.
Resists acidic and corrosive environments in reactors, scrubbers, and distillation units.
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